Skeleton-based Motion Capture (MoCap) systems have been widely used in the game and film industry for mimicking complex human actions for a long time. MoCap data has also proved its effectiveness in human activity recognition tasks. However, it is a quite challenging task for smaller datasets. The lack of such data for industrial activities further adds to the difficulties. In this work, we have proposed an ensemble-based machine learning methodology that is targeted to work better on MoCap datasets. The experiments have been performed on the MoCap data given in the Bento Packaging Activity Recognition Challenge 2021. Bento is a Japanese word that resembles lunch-box. Upon processing the raw MoCap data at first, we have achieved an astonishing accuracy of 98% on 10-fold Cross-Validation and 82% on Leave-One-Out-Cross-Validation by using the proposed ensemble model.

快速准确地检测该疾病可以大大帮助减少任何国家医疗机构对任何大流行期间死亡率降低死亡率的压力。这项工作的目的是使用新型的机器学习框架创建多模式系统，该框架同时使用胸部X射线（CXR）图像和临床数据来预测COVID-19患者的严重程度。此外，该研究还提出了一种基于nom图的评分技术，用于预测高危患者死亡的可能性。这项研究使用了25种生物标志物和CXR图像，以预测意大利第一波Covid-19（3月至6月2020年3月至6月）在930名Covid-19患者中的风险。提出的多模式堆叠技术分别产生了89.03％，90.44％和89.03％的精度，灵敏度和F1分数，以识别低风险或高危患者。与CXR图像或临床数据相比，这种多模式方法可提高准确性6％。最后，使用多元逻辑回归的列线图评分系统 - 用于对第一阶段确定的高风险患者的死亡风险进行分层。使用随机森林特征选择模型将乳酸脱氢酶（LDH），O2百分比，白细胞（WBC）计数，年龄和C反应蛋白（CRP）鉴定为有用的预测指标。开发了五个预测因素参数和基于CXR图像的列函数评分，以量化死亡的概率并将其分为两个风险组：分别存活（<50％）和死亡（> = 50％）。多模式技术能够预测F1评分为92.88％的高危患者的死亡概率。开发和验证队列曲线下的面积分别为0.981和0.939。

心血管疾病是世界各地最常见的死亡原因。为了检测和治疗心脏相关的疾病，需要连续血压（BP）监测以及许多其他参数。为此目的开发了几种侵入性和非侵入性方法。用于持续监测BP的医院中使用的大多数现有方法是侵入性的。相反，基于袖带的BP监测方法，可以预测收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP），不能用于连续监测。几项研究试图从非侵​​入性可收集信号（例如光学肌谱（PPG）和心电图（ECG））预测BP，其可用于连续监测。在这项研究中，我们探讨了自动化器在PPG和ECG信号中预测BP的适用性。在12,000岁的MIMIC-II数据集中进行了调查，发现了一个非常浅的一维AutoEncoder可以提取相关功能，以预测与最先进的SBP和DBP在非常大的数据集上的性能。从模拟-II数据集的一部分的独立测试分别为SBP和DBP提供了2.333和0.713的MAE。在40个主题的外部数据集上，模型在MIMIC-II数据集上培训，分别为SBP和DBP提供2.728和1.166的MAE。对于这种情况来说，结果达到了英国高血压协会（BHS）A级并超越了目前文学的研究。

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the world, and early DR detection is necessary to prevent vision loss and support an appropriate treatment. In this work, we leverage interactive machine learning and introduce a joint learning framework, termed DRG-Net, to effectively learn both disease grading and multi-lesion segmentation. Our DRG-Net consists of two modules: (i) DRG-AI-System to classify DR Grading, localize lesion areas, and provide visual explanations; (ii) DRG-Expert-Interaction to receive feedback from user-expert and improve the DRG-AI-System. To deal with sparse data, we utilize transfer learning mechanisms to extract invariant feature representations by using Wasserstein distance and adversarial learning-based entropy minimization. Besides, we propose a novel attention strategy at both low- and high-level features to automatically select the most significant lesion information and provide explainable properties. In terms of human interaction, we further develop DRG-Net as a tool that enables expert users to correct the system's predictions, which may then be used to update the system as a whole. Moreover, thanks to the attention mechanism and loss functions constraint between lesion features and classification features, our approach can be robust given a certain level of noise in the feedback of users. We have benchmarked DRG-Net on the two largest DR datasets, i.e., IDRID and FGADR, and compared it to various state-of-the-art deep learning networks. In addition to outperforming other SOTA approaches, DRG-Net is effectively updated using user feedback, even in a weakly-supervised manner.

We describe a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) that simulates the flow induced by the astronomical tide in a synthetic port channel, with dimensions based on the Santos - S\~ao Vicente - Bertioga Estuarine System. PINN models aim to combine the knowledge of physical systems and data-driven machine learning models. This is done by training a neural network to minimize the residuals of the governing equations in sample points. In this work, our flow is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations with some approximations. There are two main novelties in this paper. First, we design our model to assume that the flow is periodic in time, which is not feasible in conventional simulation methods. Second, we evaluate the benefit of resampling the function evaluation points during training, which has a near zero computational cost and has been verified to improve the final model, especially for small batch sizes. Finally, we discuss some limitations of the approximations used in the Navier-Stokes equations regarding the modeling of turbulence and how it interacts with PINNs.

In this paper the implementation of piezoelectrics to a state-of-the-art wafer gripper is investigated. The objective is to propose and validate a solution method, which includes a mechanical design and control system, to achieve at least 5% damping for two eigenmodes of a wafer gripper. This objective serves as a 'proof of concept' to show the possibilities of implementing a state-of-the-art damping method to an industrial application, which in turn can be used to dampen different thin structures. The coupling relation between the piezoelectrics and their host structure were used to design the placement of the piezoelectric patches, together with modal analysis data of the a state-of-the-art wafer gripper. This data had been measured through an experimental setup. Active damping has been succesfully implemented onto the wafer gripper where positive position feedback (PPF) is used as a control algorithm to dampen two eigenmodes.

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is having a tremendous impact across most areas of science. Applications of AI in healthcare have the potential to improve our ability to detect, diagnose, prognose, and intervene on human disease. For AI models to be used clinically, they need to be made safe, reproducible and robust, and the underlying software framework must be aware of the particularities (e.g. geometry, physiology, physics) of medical data being processed. This work introduces MONAI, a freely available, community-supported, and consortium-led PyTorch-based framework for deep learning in healthcare. MONAI extends PyTorch to support medical data, with a particular focus on imaging, and provide purpose-specific AI model architectures, transformations and utilities that streamline the development and deployment of medical AI models. MONAI follows best practices for software-development, providing an easy-to-use, robust, well-documented, and well-tested software framework. MONAI preserves the simple, additive, and compositional approach of its underlying PyTorch libraries. MONAI is being used by and receiving contributions from research, clinical and industrial teams from around the world, who are pursuing applications spanning nearly every aspect of healthcare.

流程挖掘的学科在医疗保健领域成功应用程序具有可靠的记录。在这样的研究领域，我们进行了与德国Uniklinik Aachen医院重症监护病房（ICU）病房有关的案例研究。这项工作的目的是双重的：开发一个规范模型，该模型代表了COVID-19患者治疗的临床指南，并分析观察到的行为（记录在医院的信息系统中）对此类准则的依从性。我们表明，通过一致性检查技术，可以分析COVID-19患者的护理过程，并强调与临床准则的主要偏差。结果为医生提供了改善过程并确保服务质量和患者满意度的有用指示。我们将结果模型作为开源BPMN文件共享。

通用数据模型解决了标准化电子健康记录（EHR）数据的许多挑战，但无法将其集成深度表型所需的资源。开放的生物学和生物医学本体论（OBO）铸造本体论提供了可用于生物学知识的语义计算表示，并能够整合多种生物医学数据。但是，将EHR数据映射到OBO Foundry本体论需要大量的手动策展和域专业知识。我们介绍了一个框架，用于将观察性医学成果合作伙伴关系（OMOP）标准词汇介绍给OBO铸造本体。使用此框架，我们制作了92,367条条件，8,615种药物成分和10,673个测量结果的映射。域专家验证了映射准确性，并且在24家医院进行检查时，映射覆盖了99％的条件和药物成分和68％的测量结果。最后，我们证明OMOP2OBO映射可以帮助系统地识别可能受益于基因检测的未诊断罕见病患者。